University of Central Florida (UCF) MCB3203 Pathogenic Microbiology Practice Exam 2

The factor that significantly contributes to a higher risk of infection transmission is close contact with infected individuals. This is because many pathogens are spread through direct contact, respiratory droplets, or bodily fluids that can be exchanged when individuals are in close proximity to one another. For example, respiratory infections like influenza or COVID-19 can easily be transmitted when individuals are near each other, as the pathogens can be expelled through coughing, sneezing, or even talking.

When people interact closely, the chances of sharing pathogens increase, especially if proper hygiene measures—such as hand washing or wearing masks—are not observed. In crowded environments like public transportation, schools, or health care settings, the risk of transmission rises even more. Thus, close contact with infected individuals is a primary route through which infections can spread, underscoring the importance of maintaining social distance and practicing good hygiene to mitigate the risk of infection outbreaks.

The other factors mentioned, such as frequent hand washing, consuming a balanced diet, and vaccination, serve to reduce the risk of infection rather than increase it. Frequent hand washing helps eliminate pathogens from the hands, a common transmission route. A balanced diet supports a healthy immune system, while vaccination can provide immunity against specific diseases, significantly lowering the chances of both acquiring